一、为什么你需要这份定语从句教案?
英语语法里,定语从句是不是总让你头疼?明明单词都认识,可一碰到长句子就懵了?别担心!这份定语从句教案专为初学者设计,用最简单的例子帮你理清概念,告别“一看就会,一用就废”的尴尬。
我们先来个小测试:你能分清“The book that I bought is interesting”和“The book, which I bought, is interesting”的区别吗?如果答案模糊,这篇教案就是为你准备的!
二、定语从句的核心概念拆解
1. 什么是定语从句?
定语从句其实就是个“跟屁虫”,专门用来修饰前面的名词或代词(叫先行词)。比如:“The girl who is singing is my sister.”这里,“who is singing”就是定语从句,修饰“the girl”。
关键点:
– 先行词:被修饰的词(如例句中的“the girl”)。
– 关系词:连接从句的“小桥梁”(如“who”“which”“that”)。
2. 限定性 vs 非限定性:逗号定生死
– 限定性定语从句:没它句子意思就不完整!比如:“I like dogs that are friendly.”(我只喜欢友好的狗,不友好的不算。)
– 非限定性定语从句:加逗号,是补充说明。比如:“My dog, which is brown, loves running.”(我的狗是棕色的——顺便告诉你,它爱跑步。)
口诀:没逗号,很重要;有逗号,是锦上添花!
三、关系词怎么选?一张表搞定!
关系词选择速查表
| 先行词类型 | 作主语 | 作宾语 | 作定语 | 作状语 |
|————|————–|—————–|———|—————–|
| 人 | who / that | whom / who / that | whose | when / where / why |
| 物 | which / that | which / that | whose | when / where / why |
例句对照:
– 人作主语:“The teacher who teaches us is strict.”
– 物作宾语:“The book (which) you lent me is great.”(口语中which可省略!)
四、避坑指南:这些独特情况要牢记
1. 只能用that的3种情况
– 先行词有最高质量:“This is the most delicious cake that I’ve ever eaten.”
– 先行词是不定代词(如anything, nothing):“Is there anything that you need?”
– 先行词含序数词:“He was the first person that arrived.”
2. 不能用that的2种场景
– 介词后:“This is the house in which I grew up.”(不能说in that!)
– 非限定从句:“My car, which is red, is parked outside.”(不能用that!)
五、实战练习:用对定语从句,句子立马高质量
试着改写下面内容句子:
1. 原句:I have a friend. She speaks 5 languages.
改写:I have a friend who speaks 5 languages.
2. 原句:The restaurant is closed. We ate there last week.
改写:The restaurant where we ate last week is closed.
小贴士:多读英文新闻或故事,标出定语从句,慢慢就能培养语感啦!
小编归纳一下:定语从句其实很简单!
看完这份定语从句教案,是不是发现语法也没那么可怕?关键是多练习、多观察。下次写作文时,试着用1-2个定语从句,老师一定会眼前一亮!
互动提问:你最容易混淆的是哪种关系词?欢迎留言讨论!